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【英文标准名称】:FireApparatusDriver/OperatorProfessionalQualifications
【原文标准名称】:消防设备操作者的专业资格鉴定
【标准号】:ANSI/NFPA1002-1987
【标准状态】:作废
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【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
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【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
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【中国标准分类号】:
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticesforElectricalMethodsforLocatingLeaksinGeomembranesCoveredwithWaterorEarthMaterials
【原文标准名称】:水或土料覆盖的土工膜上漏洞定位的电方法的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD7007-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D35.10
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:constructionqualityassurance;electricalleaklocationmethod;geomembrane;leakdetection;leaklocation;Constructionqualityassurance;Earthcoverings;Electricalleaklocation;Geomembranes;Leaktesting--geosynthetics;Moistureanalysis--geosy
【摘要】:Geomembranesareusedasimpermeablebarrierstopreventliquidsfromleakingfromlandfills,ponds,andothercontainments.Theliquidsmaycontaincontaminantsthatifreleasedcancausedamagetotheenvironment.Leakingliquidscanerodethesubgrade,causingfurtherdamage.Leakagecanresultinproductlossorotherwisepreventtheinstallationfromperformingitsintendedcontainmentpurpose.Forthesereasons,itisdesirablethatthegeomembranehaveaslittleleakageaspractical.Geomembraneleakscanbecausedbypoorqualityofthesubgrade,poorqualityofthematerialplacedonthegeomembrane,accidents,poorworkmanship,andcarelessness.Themostsignificantcausesofleaksingeomembranesthatarecoveredwithonlywaterarerelatedtoconstructionactivitiesincludingpumpsandequipmentplacedonthegeomembrane,accidentalpunctures,andpuncturescausedbytrafficoverrocksordebrisonthegeomembraneorinthesubgrade.Themostsignificantcauseofleaksingeomembranescoveredwithearthmaterialsisconstructiondamagecausedbymachinerythatoccurswhileplacingtheearthmaterialonthegeomembrane.Suchdamagealsocanbreachadditionallayersoftheliningsystemsuchasgeosyntheticclayliners.Electricalleaklocationmethodsareaneffectivefinalqualityassurancemeasuretolocatepreviouslyundetectedormissedleaks.1.1Thesepracticesdescribestandardproceduresforusingelectricalmethodstolocateleaksingeomembranescoveredwithwaterorearthmaterialscontainingmoisture.1.2Thesepracticesareintendedtoensurethatleaklocationsurveysareperformedwithdemonstratedleakdetectioncapability.Toallowfurtherinnovations,andbecausevariousleaklocationpractitionersuseawidevarietyofproceduresandequipmenttoperformthesesurveys,performance-basedoperationsareusedthatspecifytheminimumleakdetectionperformancefortheequipmentandprocedures.1.3Thesepracticesrequirethattheleaklocationequipment,procedures,andsurveyparametersusedaredemonstratedtoresultinanestablishedminimumleakdetectionsensitivity.Thesurveyshallthenbeconductedusingthedemonstratedequipment,procedures,andsurveyparameters.1.4Separateproceduresaregivenforleaklocationsurveysforgeomembranescoveredwithwaterandforgeomembranescoveredwithearthmaterials.Separateproceduresaregivenforleakdetectionsensitivitytestsusingactualandartificialleaks.1.5Leaklocationsurveyscanbeusedongeomembranesinstalledinbasins,ponds,tanks,oreandwastepads,landfillcells,landfillcaps,andothercontainmentfacilities.Theproceduresareapplicableforgeomembranesmadeofmaterialssuchaspolyethylene,polypropylene,polyvinylchloride,chlorosulfonatedpolyethylene,bituminousmaterial,andotherelectrically-insulatingmaterials.1.6ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.7Warningx2014;Theelectricalmethodsusedforgeomembraneleaklocationcouldusehighvoltages,resultinginthepotentialforelectricalshockorelectrocution.Thishazardmightbeincreasedbecauseoperationsmightbeconductedinornearwater.Inparticular,ahighvoltagecouldexistbetweenthewaterorearthmaterialandearthground,oranygroundedconductor.TheseproceduresarepotentiallyVERYDANGEROUS,andcanresultinpersonalinjuryordeath.Theelectricalmethodsusedforgeomembraneleaklocationshouldbeattemptedonlybyqualifiedandexperiencedpersonnel.Appropriatesafetymeasuresmustbetakentoprotecttheleaklocationoperatorsaswellasotherpeopleatthesite.1.8Thisstanda......
【中国标准分类号】:W59
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_70
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语